"cam" meaning in Middle Welsh

See cam in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kam/ Forms: camhet [equative], no-table-tags [table-tags], cam [error-unrecognized-form], gam [soft], cam / cham [error-unrecognized-form], cham [error-unrecognized-form]
Etymology: From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kambos. Etymology templates: {{etymid|wlm|bent}}, {{der|wlm|cel-bry-pro|*kam}} Proto-Brythonic *kam, {{der|wlm|cel-pro|*kambos}} Proto-Celtic *kambos
  1. bent
    Sense id: en-cam-wlm-adj-kAOLPiXE
  2. wrong
    Sense id: en-cam-wlm-adj-iBCtWB5Z
  3. (nominalized, masculine) wrong, injury Tags: masculine, noun-from-verb
    Sense id: en-cam-wlm-adj-0k7mlXpd
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /kam/ Forms: cameu [plural]
Etymology: From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kanxsman, from *kengeti. Etymology templates: {{etymid|wlm|step}}, {{der|wlm|cel-bry-pro|*kam}} Proto-Brythonic *kam, {{der|wlm|cel-pro|*kanxsman}} Proto-Celtic *kanxsman
  1. step, pace Tags: masculine Derived forms: ar y gam (english: at walking pace)
    Sense id: en-cam-wlm-noun-bLdiOzuA Categories (other): Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 6 16 31 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "cam"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kam",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kanxsman"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kanxsman",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kanxsman, from *kengeti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cameu",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 16 31 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "at walking pace",
          "translation": "at walking pace",
          "word": "ar y gam"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "step, pace"
      ],
      "id": "en-cam-wlm-noun-bLdiOzuA",
      "links": [
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "pace",
          "pace"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kam/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cam"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kam"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "cam"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "bent"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kam",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kambos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kambos",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kambos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "camhet",
      "head_nr": 1,
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cam",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gam",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cam / cham",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bent"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-cam-wlm-adj-kAOLPiXE",
      "links": [
        [
          "bent",
          "bent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wrong"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-cam-wlm-adj-iBCtWB5Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "wrong, injury"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-cam-wlm-adj-0k7mlXpd",
      "links": [
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ],
        [
          "injury",
          "injury"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(nominalized, masculine) wrong, injury"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kam/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cam"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh adjectives",
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh lemmas",
    "Middle Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Middle Welsh nouns",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Pages with 27 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "at walking pace",
      "translation": "at walking pace",
      "word": "ar y gam"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "cam"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kam",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kanxsman"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kanxsman",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kanxsman, from *kengeti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cameu",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "step, pace"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "pace",
          "pace"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kam/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cam"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh adjectives",
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh lemmas",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Pages with 27 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kam"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "cam"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "bent"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kam",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kambos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kambos",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kambos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "camhet",
      "head_nr": 1,
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cam",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gam",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cam / cham",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cham",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bent"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "bent",
          "bent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wrong"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Welsh nominalized adjectives"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wrong, injury"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "wrong",
          "wrong"
        ],
        [
          "injury",
          "injury"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(nominalized, masculine) wrong, injury"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kam/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cam"
}

Download raw JSONL data for cam meaning in Middle Welsh (3.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, cam/Middle Welsh",
  "path": [
    "cam"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "cam",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cam/Middle Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "cam"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "cam",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cam/Middle Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "cam"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "cam",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cam/Middle Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "cam"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "cam",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (f69e205 and 9452535). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.